Biotics &
Microbiome
Health
Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in different functions in the body. These discoveries have opened exciting perspectives in the prevention and treatment of numerous health conditions.
get the science of expertsThe impact of Biotics for Microbiome Health
The discovery of the impact of human intestinal microbiota on health and well-being is constantly evolving. The collective genome of the intestinal microbiota, termed microbiome, is estimated to contain at least 100 times more genes than our own genome (Qin et al., 2010).
Certain microbiota components can have beneficial effects, therefore modulating the microbiome towards a healthier composition has received more and more scientific interests, especially in the early-life period where the microbiota is progressively established, which leaves more rooms for modulation. Strategies of antenatal and early-life intestinal microbiome modulation are the most effective approaches to promote a resilient, diverse, and healthy microbiota, which has the greatest long-term potential to benefit health (the programming effect).
Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and more recently postbiotics – all these “biotics” have the potential to modulate the intestinal microbiome but acting differently. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the WHO (FAO/WHO) defines probiotic as “live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host” (Hills et al., 2014). Several probiotic strains have been identified, tested safe for use in infants and conferring health benefits in diverse areas. More research is needed to uncover new probiotic strains and/or on new health benefits.
Experts Interviews on biotics & microbiome health
The Influence of HMO-enriched Infant Formulae by Dr. Clodagh Walsh
Dr. Clodagh Walsh
Biotics & Microbiome Health
More Experts interviews on biotics & microbiome health
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experts publications on biotics & microbiome health
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Probiotics maintain intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A levels in healthy formula-fed infants: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Biotics & Microbiome Health
L. Xiao et al. (2019)
As timely probiotic administration was suggested to promote immune system development in formula-fed infants, this study aimed at assessing the safety and the effects of a probiotic supplement on mucosal immune competence and digestive function in formula-fed infants.
Precision Nutrition and the Microbiome, Part I: Current State of the Science
Biotics & Microbiome Health
S. Mills et al. (2019)
The gut microbiota is a highly complex community which evolves and adapts to its host over a lifetime. It has been described as a virtual organ owing to the myriad of functions it performs, including the production of bioactive metabolites, regulation of immunity, energy homeostasis and protection against pathogens.
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Precision Nutrition and the Microbiome Part II Potential Opportunities and Pathways to Commercialisation
Biotics & Microbiome Health
S. Mills et al. (2019)
Modulation of the human gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics and dietary fibre are recognised strategies to improve health and prevent disease. Yet we are only beginning to understand the impact of these interventions on the gut microbiota and the physiological consequences for the human host.
Human Milk Oligosaccharide Utilization in Intestinal Bifidobacteria Is Governed by Global Transcriptional Regulator NagR
Biotics & Microbiome Health
Arzamasov A. et al. (2022)
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis is a prevalent beneficial bacterium that colonizes the human neonatal gut and is uniquely adapted to efficiently use human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) as a carbon and energy source.
Human milk oligosaccharide-sharing by a consortium of infant derived Bifidobacterium species
Biotics & Microbiome Health
Walsh C. et al. (2022)
Bifidobacteria are associated with a host of health benefits and are typically dominant in the gut microbiota of healthy, breast-fed infants. A key adaptation, facilitating the establishment of these species, is their ability to consume particular sugars, known as human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), which are abundantly found in breastmilk.
Human milk oligosaccharides: Shaping the infant gut microbiota and supporting health
Biotics & Microbiome Health
Walsh C et al. (2020)
Recent research has highlighted that HMOs have various functional roles to play in infant development. These sugars act as prebiotics by promoting growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria thereby generating short-chain fatty acids which are critical for gut health.
Comparative Structural and Compositional Analyses of Cow, Buffalo, Goat and Sheep Cream
Mother & Child Health & Nutrition
V. Felice et al. (2021)
Factors affecting milk and milk fraction composition, such as cream, are poorly understood, with most research and human health application associated with cow cream. In this study, proteomic and lipidomic analyses were performed on cow, goat, sheep and Bubalus bubalis, bulk milk cream samples.
Webinars on biotics & microbiome Health
Webinar - The role of Osteopontin in Infant Health
Prof. Bo Lönnerdal
Biotics & Microbiome Health
Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein, that is found in body tissues including bone and body fluids such as human milk. It plays an important role in immune, brain and gut development in early life. In this webinar, Professor Bö Lonnerdal, leader of a world-renowned research program in pediatric nutrition at the University of California, gives an in-depth presentation on Osteopontin’s mechanisms of action and the health benefits associated with it.
Bo Lönnerdal is a Professor of nutrition and medicine at UC Davis, in California. He is the founder of the International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation (ISRHML). His scientific research and studies focus on bioactive components in human milk and their underlying mechanisms, such as their contribution to protecting against infection. Prof. Lönnerdal has published more than 600 scientific articles. He is a member of the American Society of Nutrition (ASN) and the European Society for Research on Human Milk and lactation (ISRHML). As an Expert in early life nutrition, he has been part of the editorial board of several journals and in several Experts Panels for the World Health Organization (WHO).
Funded projects on biotics & microbiome health
Immune mechanisms driving the acquisition of remission following treatment with Probiotic and Peanut Oral Immunotherapy (PPOIT)
Immunity & Allergy
Tang M., Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Australia, 2022
Food allergies are a major health burden globally. There is currently no cure so management relies on allergen avoidance, which causes significantly reduced quality of life2. Intense research effort has focused on developing treatments that induce remission of allergy.
Microbiota-diet-host interplay during pregnancy: relevance for the maternal-neonatal health MIDIHOP
Mother & Child Health & Nutrition
Collado M. C., CSIC, National Research Council, Spain, 2022
Conception, gestation, and lactation are critical periods for human development. The exposure to unhealthy dietary patterns, excess weight gain and other environmental factors results in a higher risk of pregnancy complications affecting both mothers and infants.
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Elucidating mother-infant and bacterial factors related to the early acquisition and intestinal colonization of infants by E. coli and AIEC
Biotics & Microbiome Health
Simpson K., Cornell University, USA, 2022
Mechanistically, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), principally Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are considered a consequence of dysregulated interplay between host genetic-susceptibility and immunity, the enteric microenvironment, and environmental “triggers”, but the specific interactions that lead to IBD are unresolved.
PROTECT: Priming for healthy eating via the diet-microbiota -gut-brain axis
Mother & Child Health & Nutrition
Schellekens H., University College Cork, Ireland, 2021
Diet remains one of the main drivers of the obesity pandemic, in particular the overconsumption of calorically dense palatable foods in early life. There is increasing interest to further our understanding of the pathways in the brain that drive excess unhealthy food consumption and how they are established from the onset.
Maternal malnutrition: mother-infant microbiota transmission and susceptibility to metabolic disease
Mother & Child Health & Nutrition
Vonaesch P., University of Lausanne, Switzerland, 2021
The exact causes linking prenatal and early life under- or over-nutrition with a higher risk of obesity and metabolic disease in later life remain uncertain. Previous work shows that the human body can adapt to changing nutrient availability through epigenetic mechanisms, for which plasticity is especially pronounced in early life thereby increasing the adaptability of newborns to their environment.
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Impact of preterm microbiota on the gut-lung axis and health.
Biotics & Microbiome Health
Waligora-Dupriet A.J, Université de Paris Descartes, France, 2020
Our project aims to identify the link between early intestinal microbiota signatures in very preterm neonates and the maturation of gut, lung, and the development of immunity which is unbalanced in several diseases such as allergy.
Exploring perinatal factors on vertical microbiota transmission : modulation of early life gut microbiota to prevent long-term effects
Immunity & Allergy
Langella P., Micalis Institute, INRA, France, 2019
The project target C-section delivered newborns. It will analyse the role of microbiota in the higher risk of this population to Allergy and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), mainly Crohn Disease (CD), using murine models and define new preventive strategies based on microbiota modulation by nutritional approaches (mainly probiotics).
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The role of microbiota in brain homeostasis during adulthood and early life
Brain Development
Ronchi F., Department of Biomedical research, University of Bern, Switzerland, 2019
This project will help to understand the basic mechanisms leading to learning and memory functions and this will pave the way for new discoveries to treat human populations affected by chronic neurological memory/cognitive disorders.
Transmission of obesity from mother to child through microbiota transfer and impact on feeding behavior
Mother & Child Health and Nutrition
Parnet P., INRA, France, 2018
Studies suggest that obesity could be ‘transmitted’ from mother to child. Since maternal microbiota is the main determinant of child intestine colonization, the transmission of a maternal microbiota "signature" of obesity to her child during perinatal period, could potentially affect his metabolism.
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Early gut microbiota signatures of diseases
Biotics & Microbiome Health
Butel M.-J., INSERM, France, 2018
Early gut microbiota establishment is suggested to be an important factor for the health of the infant and future adult. In this context, we propose to identify early intestinal microbiota signatures or predictive microbiota profiles in children of the occurrence of overweight and obesity.
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Does colonization of butyrate producers impact susceptibility to atopic dermatitis ?
Immunity & Allergy
Schwab C. et al, ETH Zürich, Kispi Zurich, Ostschweizer Kinderspital, Switzerland, 2018
Gut microbiota development is impacted by mode of delivery, diet, lifestyle and environmental parameters such as closeness to animals. These parameters impact gut microbiota composition and have been linked to allergy protective effects (‘Microbiota hypothesis’).
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